A regulated power supply, also referred to as a bench power supply, is an electronic device that provides a stable and adjustable output voltage for powering electronic circuits and devices. It is commonly used in laboratories, workshops, and electronic testing environments.

Working Principle:

The working principle of a regulated power supply involves converting an input voltage (typically AC) into a regulated and adjustable DC output voltage. Here are the key components and steps involved:

1. Transformer: The input voltage is first passed through a transformer to step it down to a lower voltage level, typically to a level suitable for rectification.
2. Rectification: The stepped-down AC voltage is then rectified using diodes, which convert it into a pulsating DC voltage.
3. Filtering: The pulsating DC voltage is smoothed using capacitors to reduce the ripple and obtain a relatively stable DC voltage.
4. Voltage Regulation: The regulated power supply incorporates voltage regulation circuits, such as voltage regulators or feedback control systems, to precisely control and maintain the output voltage at a desired level, regardless of variations in input voltage or load conditions.
5. Output Adjustment: Regulated power supplies often have adjustable output voltage settings that can be manually controlled using knobs or switches. This allows the user to select the desired output voltage within a specified range.
6. Protection Features: Some regulated power supplies include additional protection features, such as overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, and overvoltage protection, to safeguard connected devices and circuits from potential damage.

Applications:

Regulated power supplies find various applications in electronics, electrical testing, and circuit development. Here are some common applications:

1. Electronic Circuit Testing and Development: Regulated power supplies are used to power and test electronic circuits during design, prototyping, and troubleshooting. They provide a stable and adjustable voltage source for simulating different operating conditions.
2. Laboratories and Educational Institutions: Regulated power supplies are extensively used in laboratories and educational institutions for conducting experiments, practical demonstrations, and teaching electronics principles.
3. Repair and Maintenance Workshops: Regulated power supplies are employed in repair and maintenance workshops to provide a reliable power source for troubleshooting and repairing electronic devices and equipment.
4. Electronics Manufacturing and Production: Regulated power supplies are used in electronics manufacturing facilities to power and test components, sub-assemblies, and final products before they are shipped to customers.
5. Battery Charging and Testing: Regulated power supplies can be used to charge and test batteries by providing a controlled charging voltage and current.
6. Amateur Radio and Ham Radio Operations: Regulated power supplies are commonly used by amateur radio enthusiasts and operators to power their radio equipment during transmissions.

Regulated power supplies offer precise control, stability, and versatility in providing power to electronic circuits and devices. They are essential tools for electronics enthusiasts, engineers, and technicians working with various electrical and electronic applications.